玉米新品种隆平703的选育及栽培技术

隆平703是安徽隆平种业有限公司拜泉试验站于2009年组配而成的玉米杂交种。在2年的内蒙古区域试验和1年生产试验中比对照品种增产显著。该品种具有产量高、品质好、抗病性强、保苗好、适宜性强等特点。     

翻心型大白菜新品种连狮1 号的选育

连狮1 号是以连云港地区菜农提供的中狮头自留种为原始种，经4 代自交提纯选育成的大白菜新品种。株型紧凑， 整齐度较好，叶球为长筒翻心形，叶片呈长倒卵形，叶表面具有较深核桃纹并带稀疏茸毛。株高35 cm，外叶数约10 片， 叶球高28～32 cm、横径22～27 cm，单个叶球质量3.5～4.0 kg，每667 m² 叶球产量4 700 kg 左右，净菜率达83%。生育期 为90～95 d（天），田间抗病毒病、霜霉病、根肿病能力优于对照中狮头，适合在江苏、安徽、山东等地及其相近气候条件 地区秋季种植。     

食用型紫心甘薯新品种湘紫薯174 的选育

湘紫薯174 是以浙紫薯1 号为母本、浙紫薯3 号为父本杂交选育而成的食用型紫心甘薯新品种，薯块纺锤形，薯皮 紫红色，薯肉紫色，结薯较集中整齐，单株结薯4～5 个，大中薯率82.7% 以上，熟食味好，抗黑斑病，中抗根腐病、茎线 虫病和薯瘟病；每667 m² 鲜薯产量1 913～2 359 kg，薯干产量549～736 kg；花青素含量为714.5 mg · kg^-1（FW）。适宜在湖 南、湖北、江西、江苏、浙江等地春夏薯区种植。     

政策认知、执行力度与资源化利用满意度——基于河北省380家生猪养殖主体调研数据(上)

参与主体对于政策的评价是衡量政策实施效果的重要指标，探明政策参与主体满意度影响因素有助于了解主体自身需求，从而提高政策实施水平。文章基于对河北省380家生猪养殖主体调研数据，运用多元有序Logistic回归方法，分析生猪养殖主体自身政策认知以及相关政策执行力度对畜禽养殖主体废弃物资源化利用满意度的影响。结果表明：养殖主体资源化利用政策了解程度能够显著提升其资源化利用政策满意度；仅考虑养殖主体政策参与力度，随着参与力度增加，满意度亦会显著提升。但综合考虑其他因素，参与力度对于满意度提升效果则不再显著；养殖主体感知政策执行力度增加不利于政策满意度提升。此外，生猪养殖主体废弃物资源化利用政策了解程度增加，可以显著提升其报告资源化利用政策“满意”可能性。而单纯提高资源化利用政策执行力度并不能显著提高养殖主体资源化利用政策满意度。因此，要提高养殖主体政策满意度，应多渠道提升宣传力度，鼓励养殖主体积极参与，提高其参与意识，不断改善现有政策执行方式。     

水稻‘越光’品种的“前世今生”

‘越光’是一种短园粒水稻品种,自1953年在日本一开始推广种植,就是日本人最喜欢的大米。即使大面积推广种植50多年之后的现在,由于其米质优良和长期形成的消费口碑,也依然是日本水稻最大种植推广品种。为全面了解‘越光’品种育种过程和其特有的农艺性状以及控制有利性状基因组信息,我们以“Koshihikari: a premium short-grain ricecultivar - its expansion and breeding in Japan”文章为最主要参考文献并加以摘译,对其历史进行梳理,同时对当前中国优质稻育种提出了个人的思考。     

杂色蚕豆新品种“清蚕2号”选育初探

2010年夏在慈溪市白沙路鲜食白花大粒蚕豆大田中发现因小黑蚕豆和白花大粒蚕豆自然杂交而产生变异的F0代变异单株，然后经F1到F5代的连续单株选择，经过F6代的株系选择和F7代的优系繁育，育成了杂色蚕豆新品种——清蚕2号。其株高约90 cm，分枝6～7个，花瓣上部白色，花托处红色，每荚1～3粒， 3粒荚占比仅10%，干豆形状短圆，干豆色泽底色为淡黄色，其侧面有八字形棕褐色条带，豆眼黑色，百粒质量为100 g。“清蚕2号”株型紧凑，植株中等，整齐度高，田间性状稳定，长势较旺盛，抗病性较强，适应性、抗逆性强，结荚多，产量高，品质好。     

Phenotypic and allelic variation for wort protein Z in Australian and Canadian barleys

Protein Z is a major component in beer foam. Two-dimensional electrophoresis was used to analyze wort proteins of two Australian (Buloke and Commander) and two Canadian (CDC Meredith and Bentley) varieties. The Canadian barley contained more abundant proteins from MW 40–45 kDa (pI 5 to 7). These proteins were identified as either protein Z4 or protein Z7 using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Full-length gene of protein Z4 and Z7 were sequenced from Canadian and Australian barleys. Sequence differences were identified in the coding region and upstream regions of the two genes, resulting in protein sequence and expression variations. Molecular markers were designed according to the indels in the upstream regions of protein Z4 and Z7 genes. These markers were highly correlated to wort protein Z content in Canadian and Australian varieties. The Canadian barleys contained ‘high level’ genotypes for protein Z4 and Z7 while most Australian barleys had ‘low level’ genotypes for protein Z4, Z7 or both. The markers identified in this study provide a valuable tool for the selection of protein Z alleles in marker-assisted breeding. Total protein Z content was assessed using different steeping conditions, and increasing air-rest time increased protein Z content in 15 varieties.     

Over 40% of 450 registered wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum) worldwide are composed of multiple biotypes

Many of 450 common wheat cultivars bred and registered during the twentieth century in 12 countries were proved, due to seed-by-seed analysis, to be composed of two or more biotypes differing in their alleles at the gliadin (Gli) loci. These multiple biotypes may be regarded as authentic progeny of the respective parent lines, as evidenced by the gliadin composition of the respective parents. Therefore, the official claim for each cultivar to be uniform is commonly not maintained in practice. The most frequent was a non-uniform cultivar composed of two biotypes differing at one Gli locus, but there were cultivars represented by a large set of related genotypes differing at several Gli loci. The proportion of the multi-biotype cultivars was never less than 15% for a country collection, exceeding 50% in other countries. This proportion differed significantly between neighbouring countries. In Australia, all multi-biotype cultivars were found in eastern states; in the state of Victoria, their frequency was statistically higher than in the rest of the country. The proportion of multi-biotype cultivars among newly-released cultivars decreased with time in Australia and the UK. Thus, the non-uniformity of registered cultivars represents a general and important phenomenon of common wheat as a crop.     

花粉管通道法转化荔枝的初步研究

为开拓荔枝转基因育种新途径,以GUS基因作为报告基因,用花粉管通道法转化授粉后24 h的‘新球蜜荔’荔枝雌花,并统计座果率、成苗率、转化率。结果显示：共获得303株实生苗,经PCR检测和GUS染色法证实外源基因整合到4株荔枝苗基因组中,转化率为1.32%。此研究结果为荔枝生物技术育种提供了一种简单有效的途径。     

小菊新品种‘东篱小太阳’

小菊新品种‘东篱小太阳’是以‘东篱娇粉’为母本，A42为父本进行杂交，经5年选择培育而成。株形较大，自然成球，自然开花期集中在9月中下旬到10月中下旬，半重瓣，舌状花为鲜亮的红色，可满足北京地区国庆用花的需求。